Feel free to disagree with or ignore any of the people I’ve matched up with the various types of narcissism. I put them in mostly as graphic breaks to make it easier for you to follow the text, plus maybe a little bit to make you go “Hmmm.”
1. Overt narcissism is also known by several other names, including grandiose narcissism and agentic narcissism. Someone with overt narcissism might come across as outgoing, arrogant, entitled, overbearing, having an exaggerated self-image, needing to be praised and admired, exploitative, competitive, lacking empathy. People with overt narcissism are more likely to feel good about themselves and less likely to experience uncomfortable emotions like sadness, worry, or loneliness. They also tend to overestimate their own abilities and intelligence.
1a. Antagonistic narcissism is a sub-type of overt narcissism. With this aspect of narcissism, the focus is on rivalry and competition. Some features of antagonistic narcissism include arrogance, a tendency to take advantage of others, a tendency to compete with others, disagreeableness and a propensity to argue.
1b. Communal narcissism is another sub-type of overt narcissism, and it’s usually seen as the opposite of antagonistic narcissism. Someone with communal narcissism values fairness and is likely to see themselves as altruistic; they will tend to be easily morally outraged, describe themselves as empathetic and generous, and react strongly to things they see as unfair. However, their behavior will not demonstrate genuine concern for the well-being of others.
1c. Malignant narcissism is another sub-type of overt narcissism. Someone with malignant narcissism will have a strong need for praise and to be elevated above others, while also demonstrating vindictiveness, sadism (getting enjoyment from the pain of others), aggression when interacting with other people, and paranoia (heightened worry about potential threats). Someone with malignant narcissism is more likely to experience legal troubles or substance abuse.
2. Covert narcissism is also known as vulnerable narcissism and closet narcissism. Common traits of someone with covert narcissism include expressions of low self-esteem, higher likelihood of experiencing anxiety, depression, and shame, introversion, insecurity or low confidence, defensiveness, avoidance, tendency to feel or play the victim. Covert narcissists have a hard time accepting criticism but where an overt narcissist will find someone else to blame, a covert narcissist will internalize criticism, taking it more harshly than it was intended. CLICK https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UogwCPDccFI [13:19] to hear a psychologist talk more about this less well known type.
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